Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, spreads through close, direct contact between people. Wearing masks is advised for those diagnosed with mpox, individuals living with or in close contact with someone with the virus, and healthcare workers treating patients with mpox. For the general public, masks aren’t typically necessary because the virus requires close interaction for transmission.
In June 2024, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) caused some confusion by initially advising travelers to wear masks to prevent the spread of mpox and then withdrawing that guidance shortly after. The CDC clarified that they removed the recommendation due to the confusion it created.
According to Dr. Luis Ostrovsky, an infectious disease expert, medical staff typically wear masks, but they might not be needed in community settings since mpox doesn’t spread easily through the air alone. Protective gear such as N95 masks, gowns, gloves, and eye protection is necessary when treating a patient with mpox because of the risk from body fluids and close proximity aerosols. However, there isn’t enough evidence to support widespread mask-wearing in the community.
For those infected or living with someone who has mpox, wearing a mask, preferably an N95, is wise due to the higher risk of respiratory transmission from prolonged close contact. Key preventative measures include avoiding direct skin contact, frequent hand washing, and maintaining good sanitation of shared spaces and items.
Dr. Andrew Noymer suggests additional preventive actions like washing bedding and clothing used by an infected individual and cleaning shared surfaces, especially since recent cases concentrate more lesions around rectal and genital areas, needing attentive hygiene in restrooms.
Mpox typically causes flu-like symptoms and a rash, which appears within 21 days of exposure. The rash often manifests on the hands, feet, chest, face, mouth, or near the genitals, looking like pimples or blisters.
The virus spreads mainly through intimate skin contact, though it can also transmit via contaminated surfaces or items like bedding. While mpox can be sexually transmitted, it can also spread outside sexual encounters through skin contact. Mpox can also be passed from mother to fetus during pregnancy.
As mpox cases rise in the U.S., health officials advise staying informed but not panicking. People are encouraged to contact their healthcare provider if they develop a suspicious rash or have been in close contact with someone infected. To reduce the risk of infection, avoid contact with people who have mpox, practice good hygiene, and use protective gear if necessary.
Although mpox is most common among men who have sex with men during this outbreak, it’s not classified as a sexually transmitted infection. The CDC has recommended safer sex practices, including virtual sex and limiting partners, to help curb the spread.
While mpox usually resolves on its own, the infection is considered contagious until the lesions and scabs have completely healed and the skin is fully restored, typically taking two to four weeks. During this time, avoid direct contact and shared items.
If you think you’ve been exposed to mpox or show symptoms, consult a healthcare provider. It’s also wise to reach out if you have concerns or questions about the virus. A vaccine is available and suggested for those at higher risk.
To prevent mpox, the best approach is to minimize skin contact with infected individuals. Masks should be worn during illness by those infected and by healthcare workers and close contacts. If you have a rash with flu-like symptoms or suspect you might have been exposed, seek medical advice immediately.
