The clitoris is part of the vulva, the external area of female genitalia, but it doesn’t have a role in reproduction. Instead, its primary function is to provide pleasure through stimulation. While some people call it the “clit,” this term might come off as offensive to others. Many don’t know much about the clitoris, including its location, its parts, and its function in sexual pleasure, so here’s a little breakdown.
The clitoris sits at the top of the vulva, just above the vaginal opening. It’s a small, pea-sized structure that serves as the main pleasure center during sexual activity. Even though it’s part of the reproductive system, it doesn’t help in reproduction; it’s simply there for pleasure.
You might recognize the external part of the clitoris as a small nub or hooded area near the vaginal opening. Beneath that, there are internal structures with a wishbone shape. When aroused, the clitoris becomes erect like the penis because its tissues swell with blood. If an orgasm happens, muscle spasms release this blood.
There’s no one standard way for a clitoris to look. They can vary drastically in size and sensitivity, being unique to each person. The visible part is the glans, which sends pleasure signals through a nerve that extends into the body. This is protected by a clitoral hood.
People often only mention the external parts when they talk about the clitoris, but it also includes internal parts like the crura and shaft, which run along the sides of the vagina. These can swell with blood during arousal.
With about 8,000 nerve endings in the glans, the clitoris is the most nerve-rich part of the vulva. But not everyone enjoys direct stimulation; instead, some prefer to be touched near it. In terms of sexual pleasure, while some people might experience orgasms from stimulating internal areas like the G-spot, clitoral stimulation is much more likely to result in orgasm.
On average, the clitoris measures between nine to eleven centimeters in total, with most of it inside the body. Just the visible tip appears as a small nub, which people generally recognize as the clitoris. Over time, factors like hormones, especially during menopause, can change its size. If you notice changes, it’s usually nothing to worry about.
There are health conditions affecting the clitoris that could cause enlargement or pain. Some people might experience infections or skin problems that lead to itching and discomfort around this area. In rare instances, certain cancers could spread to the clitoris. Cancers affecting the vulva, though uncommon, can also impact the clitoris, with symptoms usually including pain and swelling.
Clitoromegaly refers to an enlarged clitoris and may result from conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which involves excess male hormones being secreted. For those with PCOS, the clitoris might be longer than average, signaling higher androgen levels.
Keeping the clitoris healthy involves regular vaginal hygiene. Instead of using harsh cleansing products, which aren’t necessary, wash gently with warm water during baths or showers. It’s also good to explore what feels right for you, whether alone or with a partner, and communicate your preferences.
If you’re ever concerned about your clitoris or experience persistent pain or unusual changes, it’s a smart move to talk to a healthcare provider.
