Research indicates that individuals with endometriosis might face a heightened risk of stroke, with an estimated 11% of those having female anatomy in the U.S. affected by this condition. Endometriosis may possibly influence stroke risks based on how it is treated. A study conducted in 2022 found that women with endometriosis were 34% more likely to have a stroke compared to those without this chronic inflammatory condition. However, the study did not include data on individuals assigned female at birth who do not identify as female.
Researchers advise healthcare providers to consider the overall health of patients, including factors like high blood pressure and cholesterol, rather than focusing solely on endometriosis symptoms such as pelvic pain or infertility. Endometriosis involves the growth of tissue outside the uterus, often affecting areas like the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and bladder. This condition can lead to severe pain, heavy periods, infertility, and digestive issues.
The study highlighted that treatments often used to manage symptoms, such as hysterectomy and oophorectomy, as well as postmenopausal hormone therapy, contributed significantly to the stroke risk among women with endometriosis. A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, either by a clot or bleeding, which can lead to serious consequences like brain damage or death. Immediate treatment is critical to restore blood flow and minimize severe outcomes.
There is limited research on the connection between endometriosis and stroke risk, prompting further investigation. The study involved analyzing data from 112,056 women aged 25 to 42 in the Nurses’ Health Study II, with 5,244 participants having a clinical diagnosis of endometriosis. Over 28 years, the data was reviewed for other potential stroke risk factors, including alcohol use, BMI, oral contraceptive use, and diet, with 893 women experiencing a stroke during this period.
The greatest stroke risk was observed in individuals who had undergone hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy, amounting to 39%, followed by those receiving postmenopausal hormone therapy at 16%. The study did not find a connection between endometriosis and stroke related to factors like age, BMI, or menopause status.
The exact reason why endometriosis might increase stroke risk remains unclear. However, it’s hypothesized that a mix of factors including inflammation and cardiovascular risk like hypertension and high cholesterol could contribute, as well as the implications of early menopause caused by gynecologic surgery. Surgical interventions and hormone treatments are likely factors, but the precise reasons are still not fully understood.
Experts underscore the importance of considering potential health risks when opting for procedures such as hysterectomy or oophorectomy, which can lead to surgical menopause and may influence stroke risk. It’s vital for individuals with endometriosis to monitor their overall health and be informed about stroke symptoms and cardiovascular risks.
In summary, while there is an increased stroke risk associated with endometriosis and its treatments, the overall occurrence remains low. It is essential for those affected to discuss any concerns with healthcare providers and seek guidance tailored to their specific health circumstances.
