It has been known for quite some time that sitting around too much can be a risk when it comes to cognitive decline. However, fresh research suggests not all sedentary activities have the same impact on brain health. A study published recently in The Journals of Gerontology by the University of South Australia looked into various sedentary activities to see how they affect cognitive function. The researchers found that activities like reading or crafting, which are mentally stimulating, can actually benefit memory and thinking abilities, while passive activities, such as watching TV, can be harmful.
This study might have important implications for understanding the risk of dementia, noted Maddison Mellow, PhD, a researcher at the University’s Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity. Although the study didn’t specifically address dementia, it highlighted cognitive function as a potential indicator of Alzheimer’s disease, which affects about 6.7 million people in America. Changes in the brain related to conditions like Alzheimer’s can start over a decade before noticeable cognitive changes occur.
Earlier research connected certain sedentary behaviors, like reading or using a computer, with better cognitive function. To improve cognitive function, it seems we need to look more closely at the specific activities people engage in, rather than generalizing all sitting or active behaviors.
Mellow’s team pursued this by analyzing data from the Australian study, ACTIVate, which involved 397 dementia-free older adults aged 60 to 70. The participants reported their activities over the previous two days in questionnaires. The researchers evaluated cognitive function using two tests: a paper-and-pencil screening that assessed five cognitive domains and a computer-based cognitive test.
They found that people who spent more time socializing, exercising, or engaging in relaxing activities like reading, listening to music, or religious practices generally scored higher on cognitive tests. Conversely, those who spent more time watching TV or playing video games tended to have lower scores.
The study did face some limitations, as it relied on self-reported data, which might not always be accurate. Additionally, the study’s design makes it hard to determine a direct cause-and-effect relationship between activity type and cognitive function.
What seems clear is that sedentary activities that engage the mind could be helpful for cognitive health. Activities like crafting, reading, playing instruments, and praying, which require mental engagement, may provide cognitive benefits. In contrast, passive activities such as watching TV may not be beneficial, as they don’t demand much mental effort.
While you might wonder if you can prevent dementia just by being more socially active or reading more, it’s crucial to note that these activities should not replace physical exercise. Physical activity remains a vital part of maintaining brain health.
Experts recommend a balanced approach that includes physical exercise, mental activities, and other healthy behaviors for optimal cognitive well-being. This might include getting enough sleep, not smoking, maintaining heart health, eating a balanced diet, and pursuing new learning challenges. Given the diversity in how individuals may respond to dementia prevention strategies, some researchers are exploring multimodal interventions that combine various approaches to improve cognitive health.
For those seeking to enhance mental fitness, plenty of options are available. That said, the holiday season and colder months can make it difficult to stay active. To encourage cognitive and physical activity during this time, consider participating in social events, volunteering, or adapting your workout routine for indoor settings like yoga or strength training. Furthermore, spiritual practices, such as mindfulness meditation or prayer, can also play a role in supporting cognitive health by reducing stress and enhancing mental clarity.
