Pleurisy, also called pleuritis, happens when the pleura—two thin tissue layers around the lungs and chest—get inflamed. This often results in sharp chest pain, especially when you breathe deeply or cough. Common triggers include lung blood clots, infections, and health issues like lupus, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Doctors diagnose pleurisy through a physical exam, imaging tests, and blood tests. Treatment varies based on the cause and might involve painkillers, antibiotics, or corticosteroids. Although pleurisy can affect anyone, it’s more frequent in those 65 and older. To prevent it, stop smoking, steer clear of respiratory infections, and manage any health conditions that might increase your risk.
This guide dives into pleurisy’s types, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. There are two main types: dry and wet pleurisy. The typical symptom is chest pain that gets stronger with breathing, coughing, or sneezing. The pain is sharp and can occur on either side of the chest, sometimes affecting the shoulders or back. It can be so intense that it hampers normal breathing and daily activities.
Pleurisy occurs when inflammation makes the pleura rub against each other, leading to pain and discomfort. Sometimes, fluid can build up in the chest, making it hard to breathe. While anyone can develop pleurisy, some factors increase the odds, such as previous respiratory infections or underlying health conditions.
Diagnosing pleurisy involves a mix of a physical exam, medical history review, and diagnostic tests. Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, their severity, and potential triggers. They’ll also inquire about medical history and risk factors. During the exam, a stethoscope might be used to detect abnormal sounds in your breathing, and your vital signs will be checked.
If pleurisy is suspected, your doctor may order diagnostic tests to pinpoint the cause and rule out other conditions with similar symptoms. Tests might include various assessments to confirm pleurisy and identify what’s causing it.
Treating pleurisy focuses on tackling the root cause and easing symptoms. If a serious issue like a pulmonary embolism is behind pleurisy, treatment starts quickly to improve recovery chances. Pain relief is crucial, often using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). If these aren’t effective, corticosteroids might be prescribed.
Treatments vary depending on the cause. For bacterial infections, antibiotics are given, whereas viral infections usually require rest and NSAIDs until the virus subsides. Sometimes, removing excess fluid around the lungs might be needed, using a procedure like thoracentesis to relieve pain.
Preventing pleurisy involves addressing underlying conditions and managing risks that could lead to pleurisy. To prevent it, manage existing health issues and take steps to avoid potential triggers.
Early diagnosis and treatment are key to managing pleurisy and its cause. With proper care, most recover fully within a few weeks. Untreated, it can linger or recur. It’s crucial to seek medical help if symptoms arise to start prompt treatment. Follow your treatment plan, rest well, and contact your healthcare provider if symptoms worsen or new ones appear.
