Raynaud’s disease, also known as Raynaud’s syndrome or phenomenon, affects the small blood vessels in your arms and legs. It happens when these vessels narrow, cutting off blood flow to your hands and feet, often due to cold weather or stress. This can make your extremities turn white and feel numb.
The exact causes of Raynaud’s disease aren’t well understood. Some people develop it in connection with other health conditions like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. Managing it typically involves avoiding triggers.
In the U.S., about 7.5% of adults experience Raynaud’s disease. There are two types: primary and secondary. Primary Raynaud’s occurs without a known reason and is the more common type. Secondary Raynaud’s, which is less common but more severe, happens due to other health issues, leading to potential vessel damage in your limbs.
Various triggers can cause Raynaud’s attacks, including cold temperatures, stress, smoking, and vaping. During an attack, the affected areas might hurt or even lead to tissue damage, though this isn’t common.
This condition was first described in 1862 by Maurice Raynaud. It causes mild to strong constriction of the blood vessels, yet the reasons behind this response are still unclear. The vessels usually react to triggers like cold and stress to conserve heat, but some people have an extreme reaction.
Several factors can increase the risk of getting Raynaud’s. A healthcare provider will typically diagnose it by assessing symptoms, such as responses to cold, and reviewing medical history. Although there’s no specific test for it, doctors might conduct nail fold capillary microscopy and blood tests to check for related conditions.
Preventing attacks is a key part of treatment, along with reducing symptoms and preventing tissue damage. You might work with a rheumatologist to explore treatment options, which could include medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes to avoid triggers.
For severe cases, intensive treatments like IV medications or surgery to remove damaged tissue may be necessary. Taking quick action when you notice symptoms—like warming the affected area—can help.
People with Raynaud’s are also potentially prone to other conditions. Dealing with Raynaud’s often involves taking measured steps to reduce attacks and improve quality of life. It’s important to consult healthcare providers for proper management. Remember, Raynaud’s isn’t just about handling cold; it’s a real health issue, so don’t hesitate to wear layers, gloves, and educate others about it.
