Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an autoimmune condition that leads to inflammation in the skin and joints, causing symptoms like joint stiffness, skin patches, and fatigue. It’s most common in people who already have psoriasis, a condition that creates thick, inflamed skin patches, and about 30% of those with psoriasis may develop PsA. PsA typically emerges between ages 30 and 50, but it can affect anyone, including children. The severity varies from person to person, with some experiencing mild, gradual symptoms and others facing rapid and severe symptoms.
Researchers haven’t pinpointed the exact cause of PsA, but they know it’s partly due to a malfunction that makes the immune system attack healthy skin and joint cells. A mix of medical, genetic, and environmental factors can trigger the symptoms. People with psoriasis may develop PsA around 10 years after the initial diagnosis, increasing their risk as they age.
Because PsA can mimic other joint conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, diagnosing it can be tricky. There’s no single test for detection, so healthcare providers collaborate with specialists to eliminate other conditions and confirm a PsA diagnosis. This process may involve various tests like physical exams, medical questionnaires, imaging, and blood tests.
Upon diagnosis, there isn’t a cure for PsA, but many treatments are available to manage symptoms effectively. Your care team might suggest medication, topical treatments, lifestyle changes, and therapies to help reduce symptom flare-ups and enhance your quality of life. Medication is typically the first suggestion, possibly followed by a combination of treatments based on individual needs.
If you live with psoriasis, there are steps you can take to lower your risk of developing PsA or experiencing symptom flare-ups. While you can’t change genetic factors, managing other factors can help. It’s also useful to track symptoms and their duration, aiding your care team in assessing your condition. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent severe joint damage and disability, making it vital to seek medical advice if you notice changes in your joints and skin.
Adapting to a PsA diagnosis can be challenging, but working closely with your healthcare team and making healthy lifestyle changes can significantly reduce discomfort and prevent flare-ups.
